"Anna Shpet", plum: a description of the variety, peculiarities of cultivation and reviews

Good varieties of plums for the entire time of cultivation of this garden culture was deduced a lot. One of the best is the fertile and relatively unpretentious "Anna Shpet". This plum first started growing in Germany. The creator of the variety was the German breeder L. Shpet. In Russia, this variety was registered right after the war - in 1947, in the Lower Volga and North Caucasus regions.

Plum "Anna Shpet": description of the variety

To distinguish this variety from other varieties can be primarily through a dense pyramidal crown. Growing trees "Anna Shpet" is not too high, but not particularly low - up to 4.5 m. The shoots of this plum are powerful, the staff is straight and smooth. The bark of the plum "Anna Shpet" is gray, and the internodes have small dimensions - 4 cm. The elongated buds of this variety are tightly pressed to the branches. Leaflets near the plum "Anna Shpet" are small, long and narrow, loose consistency. Their lower surface is slightly pubescent, the upper one is matte.

From one bud, this plum grows at once two white flowers, a funnel-like shape. They have oval petals, tightly pressed against each other. Each flower has 18 stamens.

Plum fruits "Anna Shpet"

For the first time the harvest from the trees of this variety is collected for 3-5 years after planting. The fruit of the plum "Anna Shpet" has large (up to 45 g), oval isosceles. About their taste, summer residents respond very well. The flesh of the plums "Anna Shpet" is yellow tender, sweet with sourness. Some flaws in the fruit of this variety are considered to be that, due to their juiciness, they sometimes crack. The stone of the plums is small, elongated. Solid seam is open, lateral - narrow. The central rib is clearly pronounced, but there are no lateral edges.

The skin of the fruit "Anna Shpet" is dense and thin. It has a traditional dark purple color, almost black with a pronounced waxy coating. The fruits of the plum "Anna Shpet" are used mostly in fresh form or in compotes. For drying, they do not fit well.

Opinion of gardeners about the variety

Judging by the reviews of gardeners, the "Anna Shpet" plum variety has the following advantages:

• High yield (about 23 kg from a tree);

• Relatively good winter hardiness and ability to regenerate;

• Resistance to red spot and moniliosis.

Of course, the plum "Anna Shpet" differs not only in merits. The gardeners' comments on it are good, however, some summer residents note this grade and the presence of certain minuses. Disadvantages of this plum, the owners of suburban areas consider, first of all, the tendency of the fruit to crack. Also, many gardeners note some difficulty in harvesting. After all, the crown of this tree is quite high. Therefore, to collect the plums you have to use the ladder. Also to the disadvantages of the grade include some looseness of wood.

Where to Plant

"Anna Shpet" is a plum, preferring loose and fertile soil with a neutral pH. Also this variety is very sensitive to the sun. Near the wall of the house, and especially the northern, this tree will not develop well. Plant plum should be in an open area. In this case, at a distance of 3 meters from it, there should be no other trees or shrubs.

Preparation for planting

The pit under the sink "Anna Shpet" should be excavated from the autumn. Its depth should be about 60 cm, diameter - 80 cm. It is allowed to dig a hole in the spring. Soil mixture for backfilling should be as follows:

• Calimagnesia - 150 g;

• Repaired manure - 9 kg;

• Wood ash - 300 g;

• Sand - one ten-liter bucket.

How to plant

The roots of the selected seedlings must first be dipped in clay chatter. At the bottom of the pit lay several pieces of limestone. Then pour the prepared soil mixture up to 2/3 of the height of the walls and drive in the center of the peg. The sapling is lowered into the pit in such a way that its root neck is placed 5-6 cm above the ground and tied to the support. When backfilling, the soil is gently tamped with feet. At the final stage around the tree make a hole and pour into it 25 liters of water. Immediately after planting, the sink should be cut off. During this procedure, the main conductor is left intact. All other branches are shortened by 1/3.

How to feed

If the plum "Anna Shpet" was planted in compliance with all the prescribed recommendations, it is not necessary to feed it in the first two years. In the pit there will be enough for the normal development of the plant nutrients. In all subsequent years during the season do several nutritional supplements.

In the spring of a tree it is desirable to fertilize under the root before, during or after flowering. In this case, you need to use a solution of Mullein or urea. In summer, plums are sprayed with a composition that includes:

• Urea - 10 g;

• Lime - 2 g;

• Water - 10 liters.

When processing, ensure that the solution does not drain from the leaves.

Autumn root feeding is done at the end of September. In this case, use a solution of 3 tbsp. L. Superphosphate and 2 tbsp. L. Potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water. Each tree is poured into 30 liters. When digging a grove for winter, it is advisable to add 15 kg of manure, 50 g of ammonium nitrate and 150 g of superphosphate, for each sink.

Watering the plums

One of the distinguishing features of this variety is the demand for soil moisture. In this regard, caring for trees is relatively complicated. "Anna Shpet" - a plum poorly tolerating both overdrying and waterlogging of the soil. Water this variety three times per season. The first time this is done immediately after the emergence of shoots. The second watering should be done during the ripening of the fruit. The third time, the soil under the plum is moistened after harvesting. Norm of watering - 30-50 liters of water per tree. This indicator may vary depending on the amount of precipitation. The main thing when watering the sinks is to ensure that the soil gets wet about 25 cm.

Crown formation

Plum "Anna Shpet" (a description of this variety was given above in detail) - a tree, among other things, requiring periodic pruning. Remove unnecessary branches from plants of this variety preferably at least three times per season. The first time this is done in the spring, shortening last year's growth and cutting off excess shoots, too thickening the crown. The second pruning is carried out in the summer - in July. At this time, remove all badly survived the winter branches. In the summer, they are clearly visible due to poor visibility. Also at this time, you need to remove all the pest-twigs from the tree and, of course, remove the shoots. In autumn, make an easy rejuvenating trimming of the plum. At the same time shorten the tip and remove all damaged and broken branches.

What pests can strike

Most often, the owners of suburban areas of the problem with plums "Anna Shpet" arise from the infection of the last moth, sawfly or red fruit mite. In the first case, preparations "Avant" or "Tagore" are used for pest control. Spraying is carried out before flowering, preparing the solution according to the instructions. In the autumn, you can use carbofos. As a preventive agent from plum moth, 3% carbamide solution is most often used. Spray the plants with this remedy in April.

From sawflies on trees get rid with the use of carbofos or Cyanox. Red fruit mites can be destroyed by sprinkling a tree with Nitrofen preparations before budding or Metaphos after flowering. Prevent contamination of trees by sawfly and mite can, burning fallen leaves in the fall and performing digging. And, of course, only plums "Anna Shpet" will be resistant to all sorts of diseases, followed by good care throughout the whole season.

How to prepare a tree for winter

"Anna Shpet" is a plum belonging to the group with respect to winter hardiness. However, it is necessary to prepare trees of this variety for winter. At the very end of autumn, the trunk and branches of the plums should be whitewashed with lime or painted with water-emulsion paint. Young trees should also be wrapped in paper completely. In adult drains, only the trunk is wound.

Of course, before falling out of snow, trees should also be protected from mice. To do this, their stems are wrapped with a kapron mesh. Young plums can be covered with this material completely.

As you can see, "Anna Shpet" is a sort of plum, the reviews about which are mostly very good. The main advantages of this variety are, therefore, attributed the good taste qualities of fruits and high yields. As for nursing, it is not more difficult than many other varieties of this culture. The main thing is to water and fertilize the plants in time, and also to ensure that their branches, leaves and fruits are not affected by insect pests.