Administrative division of Moscow: features of municipal government, the most and least populated districts

The capital of the Russian Federation Moscow is the largest city in Europe. As of 2017, 12.3 million people live in this city. And this is without taking into account the huge number of illegal workers from neighboring republics. The administrative division of Moscow is complex, which is due to the special status of the city and a large number of people. Modern form it acquired after the reforms of 1991, when the districts were merged into districts.

Organization of municipal government

Moscow is the political and economic center of the Russian Federation. Therefore, municipal government in the capital should be thought through to the smallest detail. The administrative division of Moscow includes districts, districts and settlements. The new system was installed in accordance with the 1991 reforms. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the administrative division of Moscow included 33 districts. All of them were relatively autonomous units and could independently choose the course of their socio-economic development. However, after the collapse of the USSR, such a system was deemed ineffective.

The 1991 self-government reform was designed to eliminate problems related to the availability of power and control over the development of the territories. As a result, it was allocated 10 districts. They included the available areas, many of which were previously divided into several smaller ones. The main executive authority in the administrative districts was the prefecture, in the districts - the government. It is believed that the new three-level management system has improved coordination and brought public authorities closer to local residents. During the period from 1991 to 2017, two more districts were formed. Thus, today there are 12 of them, they include 125 districts. In the course of the project to expand the territory of the capital in 2012, settlements were also allocated. To date, there are 21.

Southern District

Here lives most of Muscovites. The population of the Southern District as of January 1, 2016 is 1.774 million people. By area, he is only in fifth place. It is bounded by the Bitsa forest, the valleys of the rivers Kotlovka and Moscow and Leninsky Prospekt. If we consider the administrative division of Moscow by district, then the Southern includes 16 districts. A large number of scientific research centers and industrial enterprises are located on its territory. This district is considered the most comfortable in Moscow. There are numerous parks and squares in which the residents of the capital like to rest. Local monuments of nature are also located here. Among them are Arshanovsky, Tsaritsynsky Park and Zagorje. Also on the territory of the Southern District are architectural monuments, reserves, Orthodox churches and museums.

Oriental

If we consider the administrative division of Moscow, then this district is the second most populous. It is home to 12.16% of Muscovites or 1.505 million people. By area, he is in third place. This district occupies 154.84 square kilometers or 6.13% of the territory of the capital. It is limited to Moscow Ring Road, Losiny Island, Ryazan and Yaroslavl Railroads. This is one of the most environmentally friendly districts. There are many green spaces and parks here. It is in the territory of the Eastern District is the world famous Cherkizovsky market.

Southwestern

In third place in the population this district. His share in the total number of residents of the capital is 11.52%. Considering the administrative-territorial division of Moscow, it is impossible not to pay attention to the area occupied by each district. According to this indicator, the South-West is in the eighth place. Many industrial enterprises of citywide importance are located here. For example, the plant "Cheryomushki", which is engaged in the production of bread and bakery and confectionery. South-West is also rich in cultural objects.

Novomoskovskiy

Consideration of such an issue as the administrative division of the city of Moscow would be incomplete without taking into account the characteristics of the least populated districts. In the penultimate place in this indicator - Novomoskovskiy. In area, it is in second place. This district was formed during the implementation of the project to expand the capital in 2012. It has 11 settlements. The administrative division of the city of Moscow today includes three types of entities. During the transition period in the Novomoskovsk and Troitsky districts, the general prefecture operates. It is assumed that the center of the first will be the city of Moscow in the future. However, today the general prefecture is located in Troitsk. About one hundred enterprises operate on the territory of the Okrug. Among the main attractions of Novomoskovskiy are the manors Izvarino and Milyukovo, the Church of St. John the Baptist and the Orthodox Cross in Shcherbinka.

Troitsky

This district is the last in terms of population. It is home to less than 1% of Muscovites. Like the previous one, it was formed in 2012. In terms of the area occupied, Troitskiy is in the first place. Its share in the total territory of the capital is 42.92%. The main city of the district is Troitsk, which has the status of science city. There are 10 research centers. In the sphere of science there are about 5 thousand inhabitants of this city. The high level of education of the local population causes a large number of cultural events held in Troitsk. Priority is the construction of the university campus of the Higher School of Economics. In the future, an intensive growth of the population of the city and the district as a whole is expected due to the development of the scientific and educational sphere.