"Victory GAZ M20" - the legendary car of the Soviet period

"Victory GAZ M20" - the legendary Soviet car, which was in series production from 1946 to 1958. A total of 236,000 cars were produced.

The new car project

Directive for the creation of a new passenger car Gorky Automobile Plant received in early 1943. The main design work was carried out in the department of chief designer A.A. Lipgart. At that time, there was a practice of manufacturing equipment for the production cycle abroad, mainly in American firms. However, at some point the chief designer took the initiative and instructed the design bureau to make his own, domestic development.

So there was a project to create a Soviet passenger car, which received the name "Victory GAZ M20". In a short time, the chassis were calculated, the mass and the center of gravity were distributed. The engine was carried far ahead, it was over the beam of the front suspension. Due to this the interior became more spacious, it became possible to rationally distribute passenger seats.

As a result, the mass distribution came to an almost ideal ratio, 49% on the front axle, 51% on the rear axle. Design continued, and after a while it turned out that the model "GAZ M20 Victory" has exceptional aerodynamic performance due to the body shape. The peredovka smoothly entered the stream of oncoming air, and the rear part of the car did not even participate in aerodynamic tests, so low was the resistance of the body to the air masses in the zone from the windshield and to the rear bumper. Special sensors marked the number of units from 0.05 to 0.00.

Presentation

Several samples of cars with different characteristics were presented in the Kremlin to the country's top leadership in the summer of 1945. For the serial release, a four-cylinder version of "Victory GAZ M20" was chosen. The first machines left the assembly line in June 1946, but there were many shortcomings. The mass production of "Victory" began in the spring of 1947.

The machine was continuously improved in the production process. Finally, a fairly efficient heater was installed, combined with a windshield blower, in October 1948 the car received new parabolic springs and a thermostat. In 1950, a "mechanical transmission" from the ZIM with a shift lever on the steering wheel was installed on the "Victory".

Modernization

The car passed a number of restylings. The result of the latter in 1955 was the unification of "Victory" with the army GAZ-69. The ultimate goal of this strange project was the creation of a Soviet all-terrain vehicle with a high level of comfort. The idea was not viable, because the result was depressing. In addition to the awkward freak with huge wheels, nothing could be obtained.

Then, in 1955, a new version of the third series appeared with a 52 hp engine, a multi-rib grille and a radio receiver. The model was produced until 1958.

There have been attempts to create an elegant cabriolet under the M-20B index, more than 140 of them have been produced. Mass production could not be adjusted because of the difficulties with the kinematics of automatic canopy extension. One side of the frame for some reason lagged behind the other, the roof structure did not open. Production had to be suspended.

At the end of the 50s, a small series of "M-20D" with a forced engine of 62 hp was launched at the Molotov automobile plant. These machines were intended for the KGB garage. Simultaneously, the assembly of "Victory" with the 90-strong six-cylinder engine from the ZIM for the MGB / KGB began. Why these departments needed high-speed cars, is still unclear, but nevertheless they received them.

Engine

• Type - petrol, carburetor;
• Brand - M20;
• The volume of the cylinders is 2110 cu. cm;
• Configuration - four-cylinder, in-line;
• The maximum torque is 2000-2200 rpm;
• Power - 52 hp At 3600 rpm;
• Diameter of the cylinder - 82 mm;
• Compression ratio - 6,2;
• Food - carburetor K-22E;
• Cooling - liquid, forced circulation;
• Gas distribution camshaft camshaft;
• The block of cylinders is gray cast iron;
• Material cylinder head - aluminum;
• Number of measures - 4;
• The maximum speed is 106 km / h;
• Consumption of gasoline - 11 liters;
• The volume of the fuel tank is 55 liters.

Tuning "GAZ M20 Victory"

Since "M20" is a car from the distant past and since its production has passed more than 60 years, the model is now an interesting object for transformation. Tuning "GAZ M20 Victory" promises to be an exciting creative process.

"Victory" in miniature

Currently, the magazine "Victory GAZ M20" is published, in which an interesting creative project is offered . From the room to the room, the edition provides materials for assembling an exact copy of the legendary passenger car. The project is called "GAZ M20 Victory 1: 8". Everyone can use the offer and collect an exact copy of the car on a scale of 1: 8. The model will be large in comparison with the usual miniatures, but the identity with the original is almost one hundred percent. The headlamps of the model are illuminated by built-in diodes.