VAZ-2114, starter relay: device, circuit and principle of operation

A car starter is a device designed to start the engine by rotating its crankshaft. At the heart of its design is a conventional electric DC motor, which is controlled by the driver from the car's interior.

The starter does not have a permanent connection with the crankshaft of the power unit. They interact only a few seconds at start-up due to a special relay. About him, we'll talk in this article on the example of "Samara" fourteenth model. We will try to figure out what the VAZ-2114 starter relay is, where this device is located, how it works. Also we will consider its main malfunctions and the order of works on its replacement.

Where is the starter relay on VAZ-2114

Let's start with the location of the device. On the "fourteenth" it is placed on top of the body of the launcher. In fact, these two nodes are combined into one, although they are completely different devices. In front, they are closed by a common lid, under which is the mechanism that connects them.

Some drivers tend to think that the VAZ-2114 starter relay is a separate element that serves to protect the electrical circuit of the starter. In fact, everything is not so. Indeed, individual owners of cars, incl. And "fourteenth", install an additional circuit breaker in the starter circuit. But he has nothing to do with the device we are considering.

Starter relay construction

The VAZ-2114 starter relay consists of:

• Housing;
• Anchor;
• Two windings (retractor and retainer);
• A return spring;
• Contacts ("pyatakov").

Different versions of the VAZ-2114 can be equipped with different starter circuit breakers. Some of them are collapsible, others are not. The first, in case of their malfunction, you can try to repair, and the last - only to replace.

Why "retractor"

The relay of the starting device is often called retractor. This is due to the principle of his work. As in other cars, the VAZ-2114 starter relay performs the function of connecting the starter to the electrical circuit and connecting its armature to the crankshaft. This is as follows. When the current is not applied to the windings of the device, its armature, under the action of the return spring, is in the forwarded position. The same spring, through a special fork, holds the bendix gear, preventing it from engaging with the crown of the crankshaft flywheel.

Turning the key in the ignition switch, we supply current to the winding of the device. Under the influence of the electromagnetic field, the armature is fed back (retracted into the body), closing the starter power contacts. The bendix gear is also shifted, engaging with the flywheel. At the same time, the retractor winding is turned off, and the retainer enters the case. The force from the starter shaft is transmitted through the gear to the flywheel, causing the crankshaft to rotate until we stop holding the key in the ignition lock in the start position.

Symptoms of a faulty retractor relay

Understand that the VAZ-2114 relay starter failed, you can by such signs:

• When turning the key in the ignition switch, you can not hear a characteristic click;
• There is a click, but the starter does not twist;
• When the key is returned to the neutral position, the starter does not turn off.

Why the starter relay fails

The retractor may lose its functionality due to:

• Violation of the integrity of the wiring;
• Breakage (burnout) of windings;
• Burning (oxidation) of contacts;
• Easing of the return spring.

Check the retractor yourself

Before judging the malfunction of the starter relay, it must be checked. It is recommended to start with the wiring. For verification, we need a multimeter, included in the voltmeter mode, and an assistant. Positive probe of the device is connected to the positive terminal of the disconnecting device, negative - to the mass. Next, ask the assistant to turn on the ignition and start the starter. We take the voltmeter readings. If the device shows a voltage of 12 V or more - with the battery and wiring, everything is in order. If it is lower, the battery may be low.

Now let's check the state of the contact pins. We disconnect from the relay the wire going from the ignition lock. With the help of a large screwdriver, we close the output of the device connected to the battery and the terminal that connects it to the starter. In this way, we apply voltage directly to the starter. The starting device has worked - the problem is exactly in the relay. It remains to decide whether to repair it or change it.

Repair or replacement

As already mentioned, the relay on the "fourteenth" can be non-separable and collapsible. In the first case, there is nothing to guess - you need to buy a new device. If it is collapsible, you can try to repair it. However, hand-repair can be justified only in case of burning or oxidation of contact "pyatakov". It is not advisable to rewind windings or to change internal parts of the device.

Retractor relay starter VAZ-2114: price

How much will it cost to buy a new relay? Believe me, it's cheaper than repairing it. The cost of a standard domestic device is about 700 rubles. You can also buy an imported retractor starter relay VAZ-2114. на заграничные аналоги начинается с 800 рублей. The price for foreign analogues starts at 800 rubles.

Change yourself or contact a car service?

As for the performance of repair work, then you will have to choose. If you have enough experience with a hand instrument and a couple of hours of free time, you can also manage yourself. If you do not want to bother with this, contact the auto service center. There you an maximum of an hour without problems will install a new starter relay VAZ-2114. The price for such work is about 800 rubles. Expensive? Then roll up your sleeves!

Tools and tools

Replacing the retractor relay starter VAZ-2114 implies the use of the following tools:

• Key on 8;
• Key for 10;
• Key on 13;
• crosshead screwdriver;
• Slotted screwdriver.

We change the retractor relay

Replacement of the relay of a starter VAZ-2114 is made in such order:

1. First, we dismantle the starter. To do this, use the key for 10 to unscrew the terminal of the negative terminal of the battery and remove it. The starter can be removed in two ways: from below the car (from the inspection pit) and from the engine compartment. Each of the ways is good in its own way. Consider the second. It does not require the removal of engine protection and the presence of a viewing pit.
2. Using a Phillips screwdriver, disassemble the air filter housing and air duct.
3. With the 13 key, unscrew the nuts on the relay terminals. We detach the wires from them. Disconnect the red wire from the relay (plastic connector).
4. With the same tool, unscrew the nuts securing the starter to the transaxle case. They, depending on the modification of the car, can be two or three.
5. Carefully remove the starter from the fastening bolts and remove it from the engine compartment.
6. Disconnect the wire from the relay to the starter.
7. Using a slotted screwdriver, unscrew the two screws on the front cover of the starter. Instead of screws in the role of fastening can act two bolts on 8. In this case, for their unscrewing, use the appropriate key.
8. When the screws (bolts) are unscrewed, remove the relay from the starter cover. In this case, its anchor with a return spring can remain in the cover in the state of engagement with the starter fork. We move the anchor from side to side, remove it from the gear and remove it.
9. Install the new device in place of the broken relay. Check the condition of engagement with the plug.
10. Connect the starter wire to the relay.
11. We screw the two bolts (bolts) of fastening the relay to the starter.
12. Install the starter in place in the reverse order.
13. We connect to it and relay the wiring.
14. We check the operation of the starter.

Some useful tips

In order for the retractor to serve as long as possible, listen to these tips:

1. If the battery is exhausted, the starter rotates slowly and its revolutions are not enough to start the engine, leave attempts to start the car. So you not only bring the battery into a state of deep discharge, but also damage the starter relay.
2. When starting the engine, do not turn on the starter for longer than 15 seconds. This will lead to an overload in its circuit, because of which it is possible to burn the relay contacts, burn out its windings and windings of the starter.
3. When choosing a retractor relay for replacement, do not buy cheap products. It is better to give preference to the details of well-known manufacturers, and buy them only in specialized stores.