This year the country celebrated the 200th anniversary of the Russian genius M. Yu. Lermontov. Russia remembers and keeps a great literary heritage. After reading this article, you will learn about the unique monuments of history and culture related to the life and tragic death of the poet.

Lovers of poetry will find out where Lermontov's grave is. We will tell you about the most interesting places in Lermontovo and Pyatigorsk.

Lermontovo village

The history of the village begins in 1701. The founder is the Prince Yakov Petrovich Dolgorukov. The village is located in Belinsky district of the Penza region.

In the XVIII century, the official village was called Yakovlevskoe. However, local residents used the usual name - Tarkhany.

The fact is that at that time the peasants were actively engaged in petty trade, selling flax, fur, and ropes in the surrounding villages. In the Tambov and Penza provinces, peddlers were called tarkhans. Gradually, the village became known as the Tarkhans.

In 1794 the future grandmothers and grandfathers of M. Yu. Lermontov, EA Arsen'eva and MV Arsen'ev became the owners of the village.

The modern Lermontovo still retains the charm of antiquity. Thanks to the Russian glory of the poet, these places began to be guarded by the state.

The grave of Lermontov in Pyatigorsk

M. Yu. Lermontov was killed in a duel in Pyatigorsk in 1841. He was buried in an old cemetery, at the foot of the mountain. The grave of Lermontov is the most important monument of the city of Pyatigorsk and its symbol.

After the burial, the poet's grandmother EA Arsenyev insisted that the ashes of her grandson be transported to the family burial vault of the village of Tarkhany. There the family estate of the Lermontov-Arseniev family was built. It turns out that the grave of Lermontov is in two cities. Of course, officially the remains of the poet lies in the estate.

Here is an old tomb of Lermontov: a photo in Pyatigorsk.

It should be noted that at that time it was very difficult to achieve a reburial of a person. But Elizaveta Alekseevna turned to the emperor and received permission.

In the spring of 1842, the poet was buried in his homeland. Years passed, and the tomb of Lermontov gained all-Russian and worldwide fame.

Even in our days, near the monument on the site of the poet's death lie fresh flowers. They are brought by admirers of talent M. Yu. Lermontov.

Tarkhany is the native nest of the poet

Tarkhany for M.Yu. Lermontov is a favorite place in Russia, a patrimonial nest. He was born and lived here half his life. In Lermontovo written a lot of literary masterpieces by Mikhail Yurievich. Lermontov's grave in Tarkhany became a real pilgrimage site for historians, literary critics and lovers of his poetry.

The poet devoted his first poems to the Tarkhans. He, like a seer, felt that he would die early and be buried in his native estate.

From the earliest years the life of the future poet was tragic. His mother, Maria Mikhailovna, died quite young. Lermontov was still a child. The heavy loss left a mark of sadness and despair on all his work. In his memory there was a light, almost unearthly image of his mother.

Moreover, after her death, scandals began in the family. The grandmother of the poet, EA Arsenyev, vinyl in the death of her son-in-law's daughter. Father Lermontov, Yuri Petrovich, a quick-tempered man, could not restrain himself and left the estate.

The future genius remained in the upbringing with his grandmother. The fact is that the father was not able to support and educate the child. Elizaveta Alexeevna adored her grandson and did her best to cultivate from him a worthy and educated person.

It was the grandmother who played a great role in the development of Lermontov's genius. She gave her grandson a brilliant education.

In the children's room of the future poet was a huge library. He was constantly engaged in painting and graphics. The first pictures of the poet can be seen in the house-museum. He studied French, learned to dance. Was well-read and educated beyond the years.

Arsenyeva had a tough energetic character. The only mistress of a huge estate, she perfectly controlled the affairs. With the father of Lermontov began to communicate only in his youth.

Museum of the poet in Tarkhany

Tarkhany is a museum of M. Yu. Lermontov known all over Russia. It is located in the village of Lermontovo. It was founded in 1939.

Here you immerse yourself in the atmosphere of a real Russian farmstead, learn how Russian landowners lived and had fun. You will finally see where Lermontov's grave is and make sure you visit it.

The manor house

If you visit this wonderful exhibition, you will not regret it. You will see the Russian estate: the former Lermontov-Arseniev house, a park and outbuildings. The estate consists of many different buildings.

Historians and literary critics have restored the room where Mikhail Yurievich lived and worked. You can see the desk, behind which he wrote literary masterpieces.

During the life of the lady, Elizaveta Alexeyevna Arsenieva, many remarkable buildings were built. Unfortunately, there were only copies created according to descriptions and illustrations of that time. Much was lost and destroyed after the revolution.

Human hut

Near the manor of the manor, a brick building was built, restored according to old drawings. In it lived and worked peasants, about 200 people. Barynya, EA Arsen'eva, made strict demands on her serfs.

However, she was fair and honest. It is said that the most terrible punishment that a landowner used was to shave half the head of a peasant or cut a braid if the girl was guilty. She did not use too severe punishments, and the peasants respected and listened to her.

Church of Mary of Egypt

It was erected at the direction of Lermontov's grandmother, EA Arsenieva, in honor of the late deceased mother of M. Yu. Lermontov. Built and consecrated in 1820. The whole family attended the church, including the poet himself. In addition, it has become an important center for believers in Tarkhany.

The graves of the Arseniev-Lermontovs and the chapel

The family burial-vault of the Lermontov-Arseniev family occupies the main place among other expositions. By a tragic coincidence of circumstances or the will of fate, almost all of them died at a young age.

One of the most interesting is the grave of Lermontov's mother, M. M. Lermontova, who died on February 24, 1817. On the grave of Maria Mikhailovna stands a monument in the form of a broken anchor - a symbol of unfulfilled hopes.

Family life of young spouses did not work out from the very beginning. Maria Mikhailovna was in poor health.

After the birth of her son, she became even more ill. Her husband began to change her. After another scandal, the woman went to bed and died out in front of her eyes.

Nearby is the grave of Lermontov (photo can be seen below), where he was transferred from Pyatigorsk, where he was killed in a duel. The poet lived only 26 years. The monument, erected on the grave, is carved from black marble.

Nearby is the grave of the poet's grandfather, MV Arseniev, who died in 1810.

In 1843 EA Arsenyeva built a chapel over the graves of her relatives. She died on November 16, 1845, at the age of 73. In the declining years she was left alone and outlived all relatives.

At the entrance to the chapel, where Lermontov's grave is located, stands a mighty oak planted by the poet's grandmother after his death.

Church of St. Michael the Archangel

It was built in honor of the patron saint of Mikhail Yurievich. It was consecrated in 1840, a year before the sudden death of the poet. It was to this church that the coffin of M. Yu. Lermontov from the city of Pyatigorsk was delivered. Now it has become an important part of the museum complex and the parish church for believers in the village of Lermontov.

The grave of M.Yu. Lermontov became a symbol of the Orthodox culture of Russia. Lermontov-Arseniev is a deeply religious family. They did a lot for the development of Orthodoxy in the village.

From the history of the museum

The museum "Tarkhany" has a long history closely connected with the life of the Lermontov-Arseniev family.

For the first time the memory of the Russian genius was honored in 1914. On the 100th anniversary of the birth of the poet, a school named after Lermontov was built in the village. Researchers, literary critics, historians and simply admirers of creativity found out where the grave of Lermontov.

In 1934 Lermontov's estate and all buildings were declared a cultural monument.

But, unfortunately, the state did not interest the unique monument. The family burial-vault was in a state of neglect, the manor was collapsing. The grave of Lermontov was overgrown, the monument began to deteriorate from time to time. Admirers of Lermontov's creativity and enthusiasts wrote letters to all instances several times, tried to reconstruct monuments on their own. Only in 1939 the state declared "Tarkhany" a protected cultural monument.

May 1, 1939 officially in a solemn atmosphere was opened access to the poet's grave. The Tomb of Lermontov in Tarkhany turned into a mausoleum. July 30, 1939 the house-museum was opened. In the exposition of the museum Lermontov's grave (photo gives an idea of it) is an expensive memory of the poet for admirers of his work.

How can I spend time in a museum?

If you like the creativity of M. Yu. Lermontov, come to these places. Many secrets store the tomb of Lermontov in Tarkhany. The photo can not convey the whole atmosphere of the museum-estate. Therefore, it is better to visit the Tarkhans. A fascinating excursion awaits you. In the museum you will get a lot of vivid impressions. There are many events:

1. Excursions with elements of dramatization. You will learn not only about the poet's life, but also about the way of life of the landowners and peasants of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
2. Literary evenings, where you will hear the best works of a brilliant poet.
3. Scientific conferences.
4. Folklore holidays, for example, Maslenitsa.
5. Quizzes for school children and adults.

What is especially interesting, in the museum hold balls and festivals in the style of the XVIII-XIX centuries. Luxury dresses, costumes, ancient music necessarily like romantics and admirers of antiquity. Senior students can mark the last bell in the house museum. Still here are held:

1. Thematic lessons of literature for schoolchildren. This is not just a lesson, but a whole excursion that will reveal the mores and way of life of the villagers and manors.
2. "The last days of enchantment" - a theatrical performance.

In addition, the museum hosts interesting master classes on traditional village crafts: weaving, weaving, knitting and pottery.

There are many picturesque parks and gardens in Tarkhany, where you can walk and admire nature.

Holiday of M. Yu. Lermontov

By tradition, every summer, in the first days of July, is the All-Russian holiday in honor of M. Yu. Lermontov. There are bus tours and excursions to important places. Lermontov's grave in Tarkhans is important for travelers: photos not only of official cultural monuments, but also of all interesting places.

How to get to the village?

To get to Lermontov from Moscow, you need to go by train to the city of Kamenka, the railway station "Belinskaya". From the station to the museum is no more than 35 km. Daily there go by buses.

To get to the museum-estate "Tarkhany" from the city of Penza, you can use a shuttle bus (stop "Lermontovo"). It should be taken into account that there is no specific station, it is necessary to negotiate with the driver about a stop.

M.Yu. Lermontov is the pride of Russian poetry. His work became the basis of great Russian literature. Lermontov's grave in Tarkhany (photo allowed us to see how many interesting monuments there are in the museum) is a unique historical object. And we hope that the descendants will preserve the memory of the genius man. Visit the house-museum of M. Yu. Lermontov, and you will join the great!