The garden is ... The meanings of the word. Types of gardens

Everyone knows what a garden is. The meaning of this word does not cause doubts, but what is its difference from the park, what are their types and when they arose - not everyone will be able to answer these questions. Meanwhile, the tradition to organize gardens was formed in ancient times.

Garden: the meaning of the word

As soon as mankind passed to a settled way of life and began to create the first similarities of dwellings - an idea arose to grow plants and fruit trees near them. So there were first gardens. Gradually, gardening has become a real art. Since the Renaissance and until the beginning of the XX century. For wealthy people, the garden began to play the role of a place for recreation and walks, and not a source of food. But for the peasants, it has always been (and still is!) A place for growing fruits and nuts, and also helped to earn extra money.

Today the word "garden" means a territory allotted by man, on which perennial fruit trees, as well as bushes, sometimes plants and flowers, are planted according to a certain scheme. In rare cases, vegetable gardens are also called gardens. So, in English for the words "garden" and "garden" is used one term - garden.

In ancient times, an integral part of the garden was a pond that was a source of water, and also performed a decorative function. Today, thanks to various irrigation and irrigation systems, the need for a pond as a source of moisture has disappeared.

Another traditional attribute of gardens is the apiary. Bees pollinate all the flowers in the garden, promoting a good harvest, and also extract honey.

Types of gardens

In the first stage, the gardens are divided into private and industrial.

A private garden, as a rule, is arranged according to the taste of its owner. While the industrial one is of considerable size and is positioned so that it is convenient to take care of plants with the help of machines. In such places, specially selected trees and bushes grow, and the persons caring for them do not allow different sorts to mix.

By the type of plants, homogeneous gardens are distinguished and mixed.

Also there are the following types:

• The Botanical Garden is the territory on which plants are grown for scientific purposes. They also play the role of a kind of "living" museum, where everyone can see different kinds of flora (including rare or recently bred plants) and even buy some of them.
• Fruit (fruit or fruit and berry) garden is a place where only fruit trees and shrubs grow. This species is considered the oldest.
• The decorative garden serves to satisfy the aesthetic needs of its owner. In other words, plants are grown here not for food, but for beauty. There are three subspecies of ornamental gardens: Japanese, Chinese and winter. The latter in part resembles a greenhouse or a greenhouse, but differs from it, because it is part of the house and is used to preserve non-frost-resistant plants.

What is the difference between a garden and a park?

Park and garden are two concepts that are very close to each other, because they are both the creation of human hands. However, there is a significant difference. Plants planted in the park, and even its design, serve to satisfy a person's aesthetic needs: to relax or stroll - but not for food. Sometimes fruit trees are planted in parks, but this is more an exception than a rule.

The most famous gardens in history

The tradition of growing gardens is quite ancient, so history knows a lot of them, and one was even recognized as the second miracle of the world. It is about the Hanging Gardens of the Semiramis, built in Babylon by the order of King Nebuchadnezzar II. More than a thousand years, under Empress Catherine II, in the Russian Empire, by analogy with the Babylonian miracle of the world, the Hanging Garden of the Small Hermitage was created.

In ancient Rome, the founder of garden culture became commander Lucius Lucullus. He created the legendary Gardens of Lucullus, restored through the ages by the Medici family.

Garden culture of Rome, which became the ancestor of the European, relied on the achievements of ancient Egypt. Despite the unfavorable climatic situation, the country of the Pharaohs was famous for its gardens. In addition to the usual, they had palace, temple and even their sepulchral views.

It is impossible not to remember the gardens of Versailles, which stretched more than 900 hectares. This complex, located near Paris, is a living illustration of what human imagination is capable of with sufficient funding.

As for Great Britain, here the cultivation of gardens is a national tradition, that's why there are a lot of them and some for more than 300 years.

Other meanings of "garden"

This name often appears in other meanings. So the garden is called one of the letters of the Arabic alphabet. Also one of the most famous philosophers and perverts in history was named - Donaciène Alphonse François de Sade.

In addition, the Garden is called one of the Polish villages and two Ukrainian villages.

Among other things, there are a lot of names and concepts, the abbreviations of which form the word "SAD": systolic blood pressure, construction of highways, a combined aviation division, etc.

Gardens, like forests, are the lungs of the planet and therefore the more they appear, the better. I would like to hope that in the modern world the horticultural culture will not disappear, but will only be improved, and new and beautiful gardens will be planted on the Earth every year.