Than to treat a nasopharyngitis acute? Symptoms, causes and prevention of colds

Modern medicine knows a lot of various diseases. Some are independent, others - a consequence of other pathologies. One of the common ailments are diseases of the respiratory system. They can appear for various reasons. In this article we will tell you about what is acute nasopharyngitis.

ICD-10 (international classification of diseases of the tenth revision) includes this disease. As it is indicated, you will learn further. You can get acquainted with the main symptoms and causes of this pathology, as well as with the ways of its treatment.

general characteristics

Nasopharyngitis acute is an inflammatory process that proceeds on the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. Pathology can have a different nature of origin. Usually, the inflammation is caused by viruses. Less often the disease is bacterial or fungal in nature. Doctors say that there is also an allergic acute nasopharyngitis. ICD-10 includes this pathology under the number J-00.

Disease in the acute stage in the absence of timely treatment can take a chronic form. This pathology is much more difficult to eliminate, but it has no significant symptoms and practically does not bother the patient. Consider the main causes of the appearance of the disease.

Viral nasopharyngitis

This type of disease occurs most often. It can affect patients of any age. However, children of school and orchard age are more often ill. The disease is transmitted at usual contact, as ARVI. Acute nasopharyngitis has an incubation period from a few hours to 2-5 days. More often the signs of the disease begin to manifest on the second day after contact with the carrier.

Viral nasopharyngitis (acute) begins as a result of the inhalation of viruses. In this case, pathogenic microorganisms begin to multiply immediately on the mucous membranes of the nose and pharynx. Also, not the least role is played by the body's own defense. With a decrease in immunity, the ailment spreads rapidly and it is difficult.

Bacterial disease

Another reason that acute nasopharyngitis may occur is a bacterial rhinitis. Often, pathology becomes a consequence of sinusitis, sinusitis, rhinitis. In this case, we are talking about the spread of bacteria, not viruses.

The cause of the onset of bacterial nasopharyngitis can be the use of certain things with an infected person. Usually in this situation we are talking about personal care products (handkerchiefs, towels, toothbrushes and so on).

Fungal nasopharyngitis

Acute nasopharyngitis in adults and children may have a fungal etiology. Often this is the result of untreated stomatitis, thrush and other diseases. Fungal nasopharyngitis often develops because of decreased immunity, after prolonged use of antibiotics, chemotherapy.

Transmitted fungal nasopharyngitis can through saliva with a kiss. Children can become infected with dirty toys.

Allergic form

The cause of allergic nasopharyngitis is the inhalation of contaminated air. This can be household dust, tobacco smoke, dry air or any other allergen. The peculiarity of this form of pathology is that it can not be transmitted to another person.

Acute nasopharyngitis: symptoms

Regardless of what caused the disease and what form it has, the manifestations are usually similar. The main symptoms of pathology:

• Increased body temperature (a distinctive feature of the acute course of the disease);
• Mucous discharge from the nose, which in a few days can become purulent;
• Pain in the head, tinnitus;
• General malaise.

In the absence of proper treatment for several days, the mucus in the nose thickens and becomes an excellent breeding ground for other microbes. There is a feeling of stuffiness, swelling. When you see a purulent congestion on the back of the throat and tonsils, inflammation of the Eustachian tube can be diagnosed.

Acute nasopharyngitis: treatment

Depending on the age and condition of the patient, the doctor selects suitable medications to correct the pathology. When a virus infection is enough to comply with the regime. If the problem has arisen because of bacteria, then there is nothing to do without antimicrobials.

In addition to drugs for oral administration, local remedies should also be used. These are processed the surface of the larynx and the mucous membrane of the nose. Often, additional drugs are added to the treatment: vitamin complexes, a set of beneficial bacteria and so on. Some patients treat acute nasopharyngitis with grandmother's recipes. However, such a correction is not always effective. Remember that incorrectly selected therapy leads to the development of a chronic type of disease. Let's consider the basic preparations which use in struggle against an inflammation of a nasopharynx.

Antiviral drugs with immunomodulating action

Nasopharyngitis acute often has a viral etiology. To correct such a disease, appropriate drugs are used. This is the well-known "Arbidol" and "Arpefly", "Anaferon" and "Ergoferon", "Isoprinozin" and "Groprinosin". They are able not only to eliminate the viral infection, but also increase the immune defense. All described medications are for oral use. However, experts often recommend using local funds. These are sprays and drops in the nose Irs 19, Derinat, Ingaron, Grippferon, Interferon and so on. They can be used both for treatment and for preventive purposes.

To strengthen the body's resistance, vitamin complexes can be prescribed: "MultiTabs", "Vita Mishki", "Complivit" and many others. Always pay attention to the dosage of such products. It should be selected in accordance with the patient's age and individual characteristics. An important role in increasing immune defense is played by vitamin C.

Do you need antibiotics?

If acute nasopharyngitis has a bacterial origin, then treatment necessarily includes antimicrobial agents. They are assigned only after laboratory tests. To do this, you need to give a smear from the cavity of the throat and nose. After that, the specialist will determine the sensitivity of microorganisms to a particular drug.

Antibiotics for oral administration are usually prescribed on the basis of azithromycin and amoxicillin. This means "Amoxiclav", "Flemoxin", "Sumamed", "Azitrus" and so on. Less frequently (if ineffective listed), antimicrobial cephalosporins are recommended (Supraks, Cefatoxim, Ceftriaxone). The use of antibiotics lasts about 5-10 days. Even with a sharp improvement in well-being, the prescribed course can not be interrupted.

Antibacterial drugs are injected into the nasal cavity. The most commonly used are Isofra and Polidex. More secure can be called "Protargol" and "Sialor". Also for the treatment of nasopharyngitis, the drug Bioparox was recently used. However, at the moment he is trying not to appoint him.

Antihistamines

If nasopharyngitis is acute is caused by an allergic reaction, then antihistamines should be connected to treatment . They are available in tablets or drops for ease of use. The most popular trade names are Zirtek, Zodak, Tsetrin, Suprastin, Tavegil and others.

Remember that the use of such medicines can cause side effects in the form of drowsiness, dizziness and increased fatigue. Therefore, do not engage in responsible affairs during therapy. Or you can consult a doctor and find the most suitable treatment for yourself, for example, before going to bed.

Remove the swelling in the nose

Acute nasopharyngitis in children is often accompanied by severe edema. In this case, the younger the child, the more difficult the situation is. In children, often the disease goes to the ear area: the inflammatory process begins, accompanied by swelling. That is why it is so important to use medications to narrow the blood vessels.

The most popular are the preparations based on oxymetazoline and xylometazoline. Less commonly used is naphazoline. The trade names of these medicines are: Snoop, Otrivin, Nazivin, Rinostop, Tizin, and so on. All medicines are applied no more than 3-5 days strictly in the indicated dosage. The children are often prescribed a medicine "Vibrocil". You can use it for up to one week. The active substance of the drug is phenylephrine. It is also contained in the drug Polidex. When combining these formulations, you must always adjust the dose.

Remove the swelling of the nasal cavity will help in some way and antihistamines. However, they do not act as fast as topical medications.

Rinsing of nasal passages

Before applying any medicines to the nasal mucosa, the surface should be rinsed. During the procedure, all pathogens are removed by the fluid flow. As a result, drugs are better absorbed and produce a greater effect.

The washing procedure helps to some extent to remove the edema. Saline solutions draw an excess liquid. You can prepare a remedy for cleansing the nasal passages yourself. To do this, dissolve a teaspoon of salt in a liter of water. You can also buy a ready-made product in the pharmacy. These are preparations "Dolphin", "Rinostop", "Akvalor", "Physiomer" and so on.

Preventive actions

To avoid infection with nasopharynitis, you need to carefully monitor your health. Regularly conduct hygienic procedures for cleaning the nose. For this, the aforementioned medicines are suitable. You also need to humidify the air in the room in which you are. Do not allow the mucous membranes of the nasal passages and larynx to dry out, drink more pure water. Do not forget about nutrition. The benefits of fruits and vegetables are undeniable. Through these products you can get a lot of vitamins and beneficial microelements. Form your mode. Wake up at the same time, walk more in the fresh air. This will help to prevent the common cold and its consequences - nasopharyngitis.

During epidemics, try not to visit places of congestion. When forced to contact an infected person, use antiviral drugs for prevention. However, this topic must first be discussed with the attending physician.

If you feel the onset of the disease, then do not try to move it on your feet. Be sure to use medicines and keep bed rest. Sport also increases the resistance of the body, however, activities should be moderate. At the first symptoms of the disease, do not try to eliminate it yourself. Remember that timely access to a specialist is a guarantee of a quick recovery. Do not be ill!