Philosophy of Marxism

The philosophy of Marxism is based on the writings of two great scientists. Their names are Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The philosophy of Marxism is part of such a doctrine as Marxism.

This philosophy answers very serious questions. The most popular it used in the period from the late 19th century to the first half of the 20th century. In some countries (including the USSR), the philosophy of Marxism was elevated to the rank of state ideology.

Today, one of the most urgent tasks of this philosophy is the liberation from various dogmas, as well as adaptation to the current era.

The main directions of the philosophy of Marxism are historical as well as dialectical materialism. The essence of historical materialism is that:

- the basis on which to build the institution of citizenship, as well as the institution of society and public relations - is the level of production forces, as well as the production relations themselves;

- people constantly enter into all kinds of production relations, which do not depend on their will;

- the basis, as well as the superstructure are interrelated;

- the fate of the state and the course of history are determined by material production, the level of the economy, and also by production relations;

- Formations were singled out;

- production relations change with the growth of productive forces.

By means of production, in this case, we mean a unique product or functions of a higher level, which enable us to produce a completely new product. The production of a new product is impossible without servicing force.

Capitalism evolved over time. As a result of his evolution, the alienation of the working masses was not only from the means of production, but also from the results of labor. Means of production - this is the main commodity, which is in the hands of the owners. At the same time, the bulk of the working people (people who do not have independent sources of income, as well as their means of production) have to become a cheap labor force to meet their needs.

The product produced by the hired labor costs an order of magnitude more than the cost of this hired laborer. The resulting difference is called the surplus value. As a rule, part of it goes to the pocket of the capitalist himself, and a part is spent on the acquisition of new means of production, which in the future will help to get even more surplus value.

The basic ideas of the philosophy of Marxism lie in the fact that everything can be arranged quite differently. The way out Marxists see in the establishment of new social relations. With them:

- public property will replace private;

- ownership of all means of production will be eliminated;

- the exploitation of man by man will be unacceptable;

- all the results of labor, as well as the products produced, will be equally distributed among the members of society.

Dialectical materialism is based on those positions that are present in the dialectic of Hegel. However, his principles for dialectics to a given work of the great philosopher have no relations-they are materialistic.

The main provisions of dialectical materialism include:

- consciousness is not an independent entity, since it is only matter that is capable of reflecting itself;

- consciousness is determined by being;

- matter is constantly changing, developing;

"God is an ideal image;

- matter has no end. The forms of its existence can change;

- practice is the most important factor of development, but a person changes and changes only when acting;

- any development is based on three laws of dialectics.

The economic and social philosophy of Marxism contains ideas that will always be relevant.