Operating systems: list, features, versions, reviews

Now even people far from the IT sphere know that there are different operating systems. The list of them has increased dramatically even over the past 5 years, especially in connection with the growth in the number of mobile devices. What are their features, what are their differences, what are their advantages and disadvantages?

Classification of systems

They differ from each other in different parameters, in particular, in the distribution of functions between computers. Classes of operating systems and the networks themselves are:

• Peer-to-peer;
• Peer-to-peer (have dedicated servers).

There are computers that provide their resources to others. In this case, they act as a network server. The other is their client. Computers can perform this or the second function or combine them together. At the same time, the operating system must meet the customer's requirements.

The list of the most popular systems

What are the most popular operating systems among users? The list looks like this:

• Windows.
• MacOS.
• Android.
• Ubuntu.
• Linux and others.

There are also less popular. For example, Fedora or Back Track. But they are common in a rather narrow environment of specialists.

How to choose?

There are different criteria for users. This is primarily the convenience of use and the possibility of operating systems. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages. One important functional, the second - the interface, the third - the guarantee of safety of personal data. Operating systems for PCs, the list of which is longer than those developed for mobile devices, differ from the second with their requirements for the machine.

They offer their users a different level of comfort and innovative solutions, in many ways the choice is conditioned by the profession of man.

Windows Features

In recent years, new operating systems have appeared. The list of the most popular added Android and iOS. However, it is the Windows OS, as before, remains the most in demand in the world.

It is not only the most popular operating system, but also the most comfortable in use, great for beginners. Schoolchildren, office workers and people of different ages - almost all of them use Windows operating systems. Linux is traditionally used by specialized specialists.

pros

The key advantages of the popularly beloved Winda are such factors:

• User-friendly interface;
• A large number of quality software that can be installed on a free basis;
• Easy installation and configuration;
• Ease of administration of server.

Windows Cons

Most versions of "Vindous" are paid operating systems. The list can be found in public sources. The high cost of software is a key disadvantage of Windows.

Another disadvantage is the instability and vulnerability of the entire OS family to various kinds of malware.

Latest version

How much does Windows 10 cost? It all depends on what version will be - home or professional. In the first case, the cost will be about 6 thousand rubles, and in the second - about 10 thousand rubles.

The last modification, like the previous one, can have a classic interface or the same as the G8, when you can switch icons on the desktop.

Answering a logical answer to the question of how much Windows 10 costs, the fact that the cost is considerable, we must warn: do not rush to worry. After all, the license that is granted to the user does not have a final term. But software such as online games, antivirus or Office, requires regular updates on a fee basis.

Traditionally, if you have a previous licensed version of Windows installed on your computer, you can update it to the latest for free.

Previous Windows OS

Despite the release of new software, there are those who are comfortable using the previous ones. Different versions of operating systems have their advantages. Now, along with the "ten", many continue to use the "eight" and "seven".

Windows 7 came out in 2009. It included both the development of the previous "Vista", as well as completely new solutions that concerned the interface and embedded programs. Some software - games, applications, a number of technologies, etc. were excluded.

"Seven" has several versions:

• Initial;
• Home base;
• Home extended;
• Corporate;
• Professional;
• The maximum.

The next version of the operating system - Windows 8 was released in 2012. Its main innovation was the changed interface, which was more adapted to work on mobile devices. To date, this product company is the most sold.

Obsolete versions

There are once popular, but now almost forgotten operating systems. You can start the list with Windows 95, it was with this version that many started working with the PC at one time. After it appeared no less popular Windows 98. The next system - Windows 2000 - came out at the turn of the millennia and was intended for use on devices with 32-bit processors.

However, the real popularity was found in Windows XP, which appeared in 2001. Its primacy, it only recently ceded the seventh and eighth versions. For more than 10 years, it was XP who preferred to install users on their computers and laptops.

The next user version was Vista, but its functionality and features, according to experts, were extremely weak, which is why it did not gain popularity.

Other Operating Systems for Computers

However, not everyone uses Windows. There are other operating systems for PCs. The list includes, in particular, MacOS, Linux Ubuntu and Its other modifications. They are mainly used by narrow-profile specialists.

Ubuntu was created on the basis of Linux. Its interface is much like a Mac, but the overall style is similar to Windows. Users appreciate the usability, stability and the fact that the OS can be obtained for free. They also like the speed of the machine. But Ubuntu also has disadvantages - a small number of software, games, as well as a complex administration scheme.

MacOS is an operating system developed by Apple for computers of its production. It is called a premium premium user product - it has a beautiful design, user-friendly interface and excellent multimedia capabilities. But this solution is not affordable for everyone, because both the computers themselves and the OS of the brand Apple, compared to others, are incredibly expensive.

Also for the PC, some use Linux. This system is free, stable, equipped with a lot of built-in software. However, despite all these advantages, it requires high user skills. Therefore, Linux is most often installed by programmers, networkers and other specialists.

Work on mobile devices

As you know, more and more users prefer to use the Internet not from laptops and PCs, but from mobile devices - smartphones and tablets. There are operating systems that are designed specifically for them. The most common are Android and iOS. But "Symbian" has already lost its former popularity, because its capabilities can no longer cover the needs of users.

In the first place in quantitative terms with a large margin is "Android". After all, if IOS is an OS designed specifically for Apple's devices, the second one can work on smartphones and tablets of other brands, for example:

• Samsung.
• LG.
• Sony.
• Lenovo and others.

"Android" has a convenient interface for its users, allows them to use high-quality software in large numbers on a free basis. It is suitable not only for smartphones and tablets, but also for modern "smart TVs." Devices based on this OS can be self-refreshed and make changes to their work.

But iOS, which is Apple's product, is considered more stable and works much faster, provides customers with good multimedia capabilities. But compared to the "Android", it is more expensive, since there is very little free software in it. And the one that is provided for money is very expensive.

Approximately 10 years and earlier, those who used the Internet on mobile phones actively used the system "Symbian", which was a joint development of the leading manufacturers at that time (Nokia, Motorola and others). It works even now, but, in comparison with iOS and "Android", it is not able to cope with the tasks that the present owners of mobile devices set themselves for themselves.

Other Operating Systems

In addition to common OS for computers and mobile devices, there are less known ones, many of them are created by the type of Linux and require a high level of user skills. One such system is Fedora. It is characterized by high stability, practically does not fall in terms of work. You can forget about hang-ups, sudden overloads and other problems.

There are also specific operating systems. For example, Back Track. This system is free and is used by hackers all over the world. Most of the hacking was done thanks to Back Track. It was originally optimized to gain unauthorized access to download data from a particular computer.

People who are far from the computer sphere, know little about the features of operating systems and their real number. On laptops or computers they put "Vindous", iPhones are equipped with their own software, and on other smartphones or tablets, the default "Android" is installed.

But there are a large number of other systems, they are mostly not designed for a wide range due to their features. The choice of this or that OS depends first of all on those tasks that the person sets himself.