How to connect the generator to the house network - a diagram, detailed instructions

It seems that there can not be a question about how to connect the generator to the house network. The scheme of the process is extremely simple: brought the installation, turned it on, and all. But in reality it is not so simple. Therefore, the main difficulties that arise when you connect, it is worth talking separately.

Ways to connect

Connecting the generator, you have to interact with three networks: centralized, power consumers and wiring the device itself. Depending on how they will be connected, a suitable scheme is selected. There are different ways to power plants that require the energy of an electric generator.

In the first case, they are simply inserted into the socket of the device. Here everything is simple and no additional comments are needed. No chains or connections are added here.

Also, the connection occurs to the consumer network, which has nothing to do with the centralized one. Then the generator wires are connected to the wiring of power consumers. This is the second way how to connect the generator to the home network. Its circuit is called constant. Here, the exact correspondence of the conductor cross sections to the rated generator current must be provided without fail.

Also, the device, through automatic or manual devices, can be connected in a single circuit having a centralized network. Then, if the voltage from it disappears, all energy consumers will start to be supplied from the generator. This connection is called a backup.

If, in the first method, neither the plug nor the device is previously prepared for connection, then in the subsequent two additional work is required. The last option is the most difficult.

How to connect the generator to the house network:

The circuit is made for an electrical network and generator. Switching at the same time can occur in manual or automatic mode. It is especially important where the tap-point of the switch is located. It must be located after the electric counter, but before the protective device.

First we study the manual switching scheme. If the voltage disappears, then by means of a switch or knife switch the connection to the central network is broken and the generator is activated. The switch should not implement these two actions simultaneously. Necessarily provide in installation neutral position for the subsequent connection.

It turns out that the hand switch can be a switch or a reversing switch. When making a choice, one must take into account the rated currents, so that they are not lower than the one that is consumed. There is a different process, how to connect the generator to the network at home. The circuit and even the construction of the devices can also be different. Look at the image below. It shows the connection of a three-phase generator.

In addition to the manual method, an indicator is sometimes set, which determines the presence or absence of voltage in a generalized network. An example of the devices can be modular indicators 220 V or 220 V light indicators (cheaper by a factor of 20), which have a closed case and ready wiring. Their disadvantage is the connection to the fuse.

With the automatic switching of the electric generator, as the name implies, the process takes place without the participation of a person, automatically. The function is placed on the ABP block. It consists of different devices: switches, display parts, voltage control relays, contactors.

Such a generator must be equipped with an electric starter. To enable the reserve, the centralized network is turned off, the generator is started up, warmed up, and the wiring is connected to the consumer network. If the voltage is again applied to the network, the process is disabled in the reverse order.

The reserve automatic input can be implemented by different systems. You can consider the process, taking for example the model GG700E gasoline generator. The connection starts after the power failure from the centralized network. In twelve seconds all consumers of the house will be provided with electrical energy.

The system is also capable of controlling the stability of the power supply. If the operation occurs smoothly and continuously for more than ten seconds, then the power will be generated again through the common network. The device continues to work for a few more seconds before it is turned off.

How is the load applied

Before connecting the device, make sure that the power of the consumers that are connected is not higher than the nominal generator. To avoid overloading, a certain order must be observed. First, those energy consumers that have the highest currents at start-up are connected. Then the devices are connected in descending order. At the very end, there are energy consumers with a starting current factor of one. Such devices are, for example, electric heaters.

Errors

When you connect a gasoline or diesel generator, sometimes you make mistakes. They consist in switching the generator to a centralized network directly or connecting the wires from the generator directly to the socket. This can not be done, since a large load can contribute to the formation of a fire hazard situation, when the socket and electrical wiring break down.

Installation

Before the gasoline or diesel generator is connected, it must be properly installed. It is better if the place is selected at some distance from the rooms. Then the exhaust gases do not reach the people who are in the room, will not disturb the noise from the operating apparatus. The place should be dry, level and preferably isolated from others.

In addition, it must meet the ventilation requirements. If the room is closed, an extractor should be arranged. If the installation is kept in the basement, then even with an open window, it quickly overheats, which can soon break down.

Noise protection

Generators for giving a lot of noise. Noise is spreading through the base, body and exhaust gases. To reduce this figure:

• The base should not be strongly connected with the building - this is achieved, for example, with the help of a rubber lining;
• The housing is placed in soundproof enclosures - they are sold ready-made or manufactured independently;
• Silencers will help to reduce noise from exhaust gases, however, because of this, the power may also drop, so a more efficient way is to select the correct installation location.

Earthing

Generators for dachas need to be grounded. This is realized by means of a metal rod, a pipe and a sheet of galvanized iron. The earthing device is lowered into the ground, fixed with special devices and connected to the generator ground terminal.

Exhaust gas removal

When installing the unit inside the house, it is necessary to provide for exhaust gas evacuation. For this, a corrugated pipe made of stainless steel is used. For economy, the corrugated part can be combined with a steel pipe.

This part of the installation should be implemented especially carefully, since errors or minor defects can lead to unfortunate consequences.

Apparently, it is not enough to just decide which generator is better, and purchase it. It is necessary to carry out competent installation and connection. Only then can you be sure of the uninterrupted and safe operation of electricity in the house.