Fire fighting trunks: technical characteristics. Manual fire trunks and their purpose

The speed and effectiveness of fire suppression in the event of emergencies depends on the equipment that is used by fire brigades. One of the most indispensable devices for the formation of a directed flow of fire extinguishing substances are the fire barrels. Let's look at the main categories of such devices, understand their purpose and the features of operation.

Assignment of fire barrels

Equipment of this category is used to complete fire hoses. With the help of the trunks, the suppression of inflammable substances is provided to the place of ignition. Due to their application it becomes possible to form a jet, form water curtains, create a mechanical and air foam of medium or low multiplicity.

The area that can be covered in extinguishing a fire is largely determined by the type of trunks used. The introduction of innovative solutions in the development of modern devices has made it possible to significantly increase the distance indicator of the jet impact and to reduce the potential danger for EMERCOM workers.

Lafeted barrels

Assume the installation of fire trucks, as well as used for these purposes, stationary towers. Differ according to the height of the landing, the presence or absence of pressure regulators, the possibility of completing additional attachments.

Combined stationary fire barrels are able to form a protective layer, which consists of atomized liquid particles. Since the transformation of such a flow occurs at an angle, the EMERCOM employee is protected from exposure to high temperatures.

According to the construction norms and rules for the operation of structures, near buildings, which are located in areas of increased fire hazard, it is necessary to place stationary fire fire trunks installed on special towers.

Hand trunks

Widely used for extinguishing in manual mode. Manual fire trunks have a relatively small depth of extinguishing. This indicator is only 5 m. This feature significantly limits their use under certain conditions.

Virtually all manual fire barrels can be equipped with special nozzles, which open the possibility for work with separate flame-suppressing compounds.

The operation of such equipment is limited by the design features of certain structures. Therefore, their use is difficult when extinguishing severe fires in large facilities.

Marking of hand stems

The appointment of manual fire barrels is indicated with the help of special symbolic symbols. At present, equipment with the following marking is particularly in demand:

1. РС 70, РС 50, РС 50П - a category of demountable trunks, operation of which opens the possibility for rapid extension of the hose lines. The main purpose is the formation, maintenance and change of direction of a continuous jet of extinguishing material.
2. RS 70.01 and PC 50.01 are non-removable fire barrels, which are used to create a continuous flow of liquid without the possibility of adjusting the pressure level.
3. CPR 50, RSK 50, CPR 70 are portable devices that provide additional protection to EMERCOM employees from exposure to high temperatures due to the supply of liquid at an angle. The kit contains foam-converting nozzles.
4. RSSC 70 is a highly effective fire equipment of a universal purpose that is connected to a fixed fire-fighting water supply. During operation, it is possible to adjust the intensity and directivity of the extinguishing agent supply based on the fire conditions. The trunks of this category are suitable for working with any special substances.

Marking of the gun barrels

The fire brigade also contains a marking according to which it is possible to quickly obtain additional information concerning the specification of the device:

1. "P" is a universal mobile fire gunner trunk. Such systems are suitable for the assembly of mobile pumping units.
2. "D" - marking indicates the possibility of remote control. The principle of operation is based on the adjustment of the head of the working fluid in the automatic mode. Due to the specific design features of the remote barrels, it is possible to provide a highly accurate direction of the jet to the ignition source. At the same time, the factor of the security threat to the personnel of the Ministry of Emergency Situations is completely excluded. The costs of fire barrels of this type are also automatically regulated.
3. "C" is a stationary version of the gun barrels. It is used to complete internal fire extinguishing valves. It is allowed to mount on special towers and motorized transport.
4. "B" - trunks mounted on trailers. The presence of rotational mechanisms opens the possibility for achieving a wide angle of action.

Fire fighting trunks - technical specifications

The characteristics of individual trunks for suppression of fires are always indicated in the technical documentation. One of the main parameters here is the working pressure - the maximum figure for which the device is designed. In other words, the characteristic indicates the fluid pressure that must be present at the exit of the fire hose just before the barrel. Underestimation of the permissible indicator necessarily affects the reduction in efficiency and speed of suppression of foci of ignition. Exceeding the norm can cause critical damage to the trunk. The characteristic in kgf / cm ² or in atmospheres is indicated.

The next defining parameter is the maximum amount of working fluid that can come from the outlet hole per unit of time at the optimum pressure in the system. The characteristic is taken into account primarily for the purpose of economical consumption of water. Also take the parameter into consideration based on the performance of the pump or pump.

The range of the sprayed jet indicates the maximum fluid delivery distance to which the existing fire barrel is calculated. Measured by the last drop when the typical spray angle and the normal pressure level in the system are maintained.

Considering the parameters that fire barrels possess, the technical characteristics that are indicated in the technical documentation, it is worth paying attention to the types of connecting heads available for use. It is extremely important to choose the right component in accordance with the nature of the trunk and the type of sleeve used.

What nozzles are used to complete the trunks?

The nozzle is an adaptation, the installation of which expands the functionality of the fire barrel and thus creates the necessary conditions for quickly suppressing the main fires.

Modern fire trunks can be completed with the following nozzles:

• Water;
• Foamy;
• Air;
• Water-foam;
• Powder;
• With variable flow;
• Non-overlapping;
• With a spray.

Peculiarities of laying water-pressure lines in fire extinguishing

For rapid suppression of fires, it is extremely important to promptly bring equipment into a "combat" state. To this end, the EMERCOM staff are guided by standardized schemes for assembling the elements of water communication lines.

To begin with, a pump is prepared, which is responsible for supplying working fluid from the reservoir. Further, a suction hose is connected that contains a protective mesh, which prevents clogging of the equipment. From the pump to the place where the fire is extinguished, a sleeve line is drawn, the end of which is equipped with a branch. Mounted additional hoses, which connect the fire barrels. At the end, the pump is activated, the pressure is gradually applied to the line, the valves are opened, after which the water comes under pressure to the fire.