Cheese production as a business. Mini-shop: technology and equipment

Today, among the entrepreneurs of our country, cheese production as a business has become very popular. Mini-shop for the production of this product does not require investments of tens of millions of rubles. The very same cheese is present in the diet of almost all families, which confirms the considerable demand for it.

That is why opening your own business to produce this dairy product is a very promising and profitable business.

Who can do cheese-making business?

It is most profitable to open your own mini-shop to farmers. In this case, cheese production can be carried out from its own raw materials. This will make the final product cheaper, and therefore, in demand.

But is it only a farmer who can produce cheese as a business? Mini-shop can open any entrepreneur. Of course, he will have to negotiate the purchase of milk from farmers, but in this case it will be possible to get a significant profit. The main thing is to correctly and rationally plan your actions.

Preparatory stage

Why start your own cheese business? First of all, you will need to think through a business strategy. It will be needed not only for beginners, but for experienced entrepreneurs. The business plan will help analyze all the initial costs, give a correct estimate of the demand and supply in the market, and plan the future profitability and profitability of the event. In addition, the previously developed strategy will allow you to select the right product range, determine its prices and find buyers.

Sales market

Before organizing a mini workshop for the production of cheese as a business, it is necessary to look for buyers. To do this, you will need to plan in advance the ways of selling the future finished products. They can be different. Thus, the sale of cheeses is possible by:

- Sales in own shop;
- sales in the food market in their locality;
- conclusion of contracts with wholesale warehouses;
- product delivery to the retail network;
- supply of cheese to cafes and restaurants of your city and region.

From the list it is desirable to choose not one option. This will make it possible to quickly realize the product and get a fairly large profit.

Select an assortment

Natural cheese is represented by a large number of varieties. They differ from each other in their appearance, taste and other characteristics. So, according to the manufacturing process, the cheeses are classified into rennet and dairy. The first of them are made using rennet enzyme. In the second method, the cheeses are made by fermenting the milk with the aid of a ferment.

The preparation of each of the available varieties implies the use of their own technology and special equipment. It is this moment that determines the importance of choosing the direction of business. Also, the beginning entrepreneur will need to take into account the level of his own qualification. Those who are interested in the production of cheese as a business (mini-shop), the technology for its first production should be chosen, most likely, the most uncomplicated. Such a process does not require significant time and special art of conducting it.

The easiest way is to prepare cheeses, related to soft varieties. For them, you only need to curdle the milk, and then drain and compress the portions needed for sale. The main advantage of soft varieties is the short term of their manufacture. Such cheese does not require maturation and is ready for use for a couple of days or for a week. By a long-term maturing technology for their manufacture will take a month and a half. However, one should bear in mind that it is necessary to realize such a product within 14 days.

You can also organize the production of hard cheese as a business. Mini-shop in this case will produce products for longer periods, but its cost is much higher.

Company registration

If you decide to organize the production of cheese as a business, the mini-shop in which this product will be manufactured can be opened only after the corresponding processing of documents. It will also require obtaining permission to conduct business.

What is the best organizational form to choose when starting cheese production as a business? Mini-shop is recommended to open a limited liability company. The fact is that the bulk of retail chains and large stores prefer to work with legal entities. This makes it possible to make tax deductions, thereby reducing taxes. Work with IP does not provide such an opportunity. After all, according to its status, an individual entrepreneur is an individual.

Payment of mandatory payments to the budget

When choosing a tax system, a novice businessman should pay attention to the USN. In this case, two payment options are acceptable:
- 6% of revenue;
- 15% of income.

The second system of taxation becomes profitable at high production costs.

Certification

What other documents will require the organization of cheese production as a business? Mini-shop, producing a dairy product, can not be opened without appropriate certification. The issue of this document is carried out by Rostest according to the current technical regulations. The received certificate makes it possible to mark the products in accordance with the law. Without this, cheeses simply will not fall on the shelves of stores.

To obtain a certificate, you will need to collect a package of documents. It should include:
- Certificates for raw materials, which are provided by suppliers of milk and sourdough;
- expert opinion issued by Rospotrebnadzor.

The availability of all these documents must be taken care of even before the cheese production is established as a business. Mini-shop in this case will work without interruptions, and the entrepreneur will not have any difficulties with law enforcement.

Selecting a room

Very profitable and attractive is the production of cheese as a business (mini-shop). How to open this business? For this, in addition to the registration of the relevant papers, you will need to select a suitable room. Its area should not be large. For example, if a day will produce up to 100 kilograms of cheese, then a workshop of 20 square meters is enough. Meters. On such an area, the necessary technological equipment will be located quite compactly.

Communication and arrangement

What else needs to be considered in a room where cheese production will start as a business? Mini-shop, whose plan should contain several zones, it is necessary to equip with engineering communications. After all, the production of a dairy product is impossible without the presence of water supply, sewerage, ventilation and heating. Separation into zones will allow sequentially to locate in the shop technological equipment and perform each of the stages of the process of making cheeses in a separate area.

When choosing a premise for rent, the size of which is 30-50 thousand rubles for one month, it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of natural light. A fire safety system should also be installed in the workshop. It should also be taken into account that the production of cheese must be organized in a room with tiled walls. In the absence of this finish, you will have to allocate money for construction work.

Shop equipment

A novice entrepreneur should know that he will need to purchase a special technological line in order to start the production of cheese as a business.

Mini-shop, the equipment of which is necessary for the production of a quality product, is completed:

- the cheese producer, that is, the place where raw materials are cooled and pasteurized, and a clot is formed;
- bathroom, necessary for the formation of cheese heads;
- a maturation chamber, in which the necessary temperature and humidity are set, allowing the product to be obtained;
- a dispensing device, by means of which the liquid products are packaged in individual packaging.

Who is involved in the production of technological lines?

The choice of equipment for a mini-shop for the production of cheeses is not so great. As a rule, entrepreneurs acquire similar lines abroad. The domestic manufacturer is LLC PC "Molsekspert", located in Barnaul.

However, entrepreneurs, who open cheese production as a business (mini-shop), buy Italian equipment more often. These are the lines for small volumes of products offered by Sfoggia. This company, which is the most famous in Europe, itself develops and manufactures quality equipment for the production of small quantities of hard and fresh types of cheese. In addition, Sfoggia's lines allow the production of butter and yogurts, pasteurized milk, etc.

What is the peculiarity of these installations? In them, the milk is pasteurized, cooled, and then the cheese mass is fermented and cut. Further on special tables having their own heating, the product is formed and passes the stage of self-pressing.

What is this line attractive for those who open cheese production as a business (mini-shop)? Italian equipment greatly simplifies the process of cooking the product by automating the pasteurization of milk and its subsequent cooling. In addition, the line is equipped with a special recording tool that allows you to print data on operations that have already been performed, which facilitates the operator's work.

The company produces various models of cheese for 120 and 360 liters. At the same time, the equipment is capable of operating from electricity, gas, hot water, steam, and diesel fuel.

Italian mini-dairies make it possible to obtain 12 kg of finished product from 100 liters of cow's milk. And if the raw material is goat or sheep, then all 20 kg. It is attractive that the whey that has remained from the cheese can be turned into curd "ricotta". And from cow's milk it will turn out 5 kg, and from goat or sheep - 8 kg.

The Italian line is chosen by businessmen and by the available technical characteristics. For example, a model with a capacity of 360 liters can process up to 1400 liters of milk for 16 hours. This is a reliable and durable equipment, well-proven both in Europe and in the vastness of our country.

Personnel issues

When you open a mini-workshop for the production of cheeses, you will need to hire one or three people to service the line and one technologist who knows all the features of the technological process. It will not be superfluous and the service of a manager engaged in the supply of raw materials and the sale of the finished product. But this function can be taken on by the owner of the cheese production.

It should be borne in mind that the success of the case will depend on the hired personnel. That is why this issue deserves the most serious approach.

Quality of raw materials

For successful work in the market it will be necessary to produce a product of high quality. And for this it will be necessary to fulfill certain conditions, which primarily concern the purchased milk. Raw materials should only be taken from farmers who have healthy animals that have undergone veterinary control. It should not contain even a small percentage of antibiotics. In addition, good raw materials have a 3% fat content, and the acidity index should not be less than 6.8. All the requirements for milk are best documented when signing the supply contract.

Production costs

When you open a mini-shop for cheese production, you will need to make certain financial investments. Approximately, they will amount to (thousand rubles.):

- for the purchase of the production line - 300;
- repair shop - 200;
- training of employees - 30;
- Other expenses, including registration - 100.

As a result, the total amount of preliminary capital investments is 630 thousand rubles.

Monthly production costs (thousand rubles):

- Utility costs - 30;
- advertising - 20;
- salary of staff (4 people) - 80;
- rent of a premise - 30;
- Other expenses - 50.

Revenue received

How profitable is the production of cheese as a business (mini-shop)? The responses of the businessmen say that by releasing one hundred kilograms of the product every day, it is possible to realize up to 2,200 kg of hard and soft cheeses monthly. With an average selling price of 200 rubles. Per kg, revenue will be 440 thousand rubles.

The received sum will suffice on a covering of expenses for manufacture and payment of the tax. The net profit of the entrepreneur will be about 65 thousand rubles. Thus, with the sale of all manufactured products, the payback of production can be achieved already ten months after the commencement of work.