Calcium chloride. Instructions

Calcium chloride provides the basic functional integrity of the nervous and muscular systems, since it has a great influence on the excitability of these tissues. Calcium is necessary for normal cardiac activity and is involved in blood clotting. 10 ml of 10% calcium chloride contains 1 g of CaCl2 or 273 mg of elemental calcium (Ca2 +). The calcium salt of hydrochloric acid has the name calcium chloride. In medicine, it is used as a hemostatic agent (for gastrointestinal, pulmonary, uterine bleeding, nasal or before surgical operations). As an antidote for poisoning with oxalic acid and its salts, magnesium salts, salts of hydrofluoric acid. In combination with other drugs and methods, calcium chloride is used to stimulate labor. When it reaches a certain concentration, it has diuretic properties.

Depending on the nature of the diseases and tasks, the doctor prescribes treatment with a drug such as calcium chloride. Its use can be oral (through the mouth), by electrophoresis under the skin (under the influence of electric current), but more often in the form of intravenous injections. Rapidly or incorrectly injecting the solution can cause necrosis and rejection. When you inject the solution into the muscle, into the vein or subcutaneously, there is a risk of accidental ingress into the perivascular tissue. If perivascular infiltration occurs, then the drug should be discontinued immediately. There is also a risk of local infiltration (accumulation in the tissues of particles or substances that are not their normal component).

When applying the drug, it is necessary to fulfill with special care all the requirements that are imposed on the calcium chloride instruction. Intravenous injection of a solution or an overdose can lead to serious side effects associated with cardiac work, including arrhythmias, bradycardia and ventricular fibrillation. An overdose can trigger acute hypercalcemia (eg, coma, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, significantly elevated calcium levels in the plasma, sudden death, weakness).

Indications for use: treatment of hypocalcemia (lack of calcium in the body), magnesium intoxication due to an overdose of magnesium sulfate, cardiac resuscitation, when adrenaline failed to improve the function of the heart and there is a weak or ineffective work of the myocardium. Calcium chloride is also used to perform supplementary therapy. The instruction indicates different situations (where calcium chloride is used in combination with other drugs), such as insect bites, with sensitivity of reactions (especially if the signs of urticaria are characteristic). It can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of depression due to an overdose of magnesium sulfate, as well as in the treatment of acute symptoms of lead colic.

Very serious problems and adverse reactions are possible when calcium chloride is incorrectly introduced. The instruction indicates a possible malfunction in the cardiovascular system (hypotension, cardiac syncope), due to violations of the central nervous system, a feeling of oppression occurs. There may be a taste of calcium in the mouth, a feeling of heat and tingling. Special precautions are necessary during pregnancy and during the infancy of a newborn baby.

For patients and medical personnel who use calcium chloride in the treatment, the instruction contains special warnings about the need to observe precautions when using it. Perhaps a moderate drop in blood pressure due to vasodilation (expansion of the lumen of the vessel and adhesion due to the release of histamine and heparin) during the injection. Its use is undesirable in the treatment of hypocalcemia, renal failure. The use of calcium chloride is undesirable in patients with respiratory acidosis or respiratory failure due to the ability to convert to acid salt.