Two-scoop furnaces Kuznetsova: poryadovki. Kuznetsov's own hands

The so-called "Kuznetsovki" appeared in the distant 1962. Igor Kuznetsov - the inventor of these furnaces, is engaged in their development and improvement to this day. Currently, there are about 50 inventions, which cover almost the entire range of domestic ovens. Let's take a closer look at what Kuznetsov's furnaces are. Poryadovki popular and to date, so the topic is extremely relevant.

What is "Kuznetsovki" better than others?

Consumers always ask themselves the question: why is it worth buying exactly this product, and not the one that is nearby. It is quite natural and logical question. We always look at the strengths and weaknesses of the products before buying, and then make the appropriate conclusions. As for Kuznetsov's furnaces, they are famous for their high efficiency. As a rule, we are talking about such figures as 80% or more. For example, a standard order of 4 kW can heat a house with an area of 100 square meters. At the same time, western branded furnaces should have a capacity of at least 10-12 kW. By the way, orders for Kuznetsovki from the USA, Sweden, Canada and a number of other countries are not uncommon. It should be mentioned that Kuznetsov furnaces (poryadovki) are "omnivorous", that is, low-grade combustible materials, for example sawdust, can be used as fuel. It is also possible to install equipment that provides hot water. At the same time, performance characteristics do not deteriorate.

The basis is primarily

It was Kuznetsov who first used the automatic distribution of thrust through the channels. This method is good because the burn is excluded, so the view can be kept open. The system of such chimneys differs not only in its uniqueness, but in its simplicity. If furnaces with a complex flue configuration usually have an efficiency of about 60%, then Kuznetsovka is 80% or higher. In addition, the principle of free passage of gases follows from this. That is why the orders are often compared with thermonuclear reactors. The fact is that the energy of gases, in contrast to the gas view, does not curl in a whirlwind, but immediately permeates the furnace. Naturally, the heat released goes either to the heating of the room, or to the DHW, depending on the needs.

Kuznetsov two-bulb furnaces: order and its features

The principle of the construction of furnaces in which it is possible to realize the law of free movement of gases is known for a long time. The most common and well-known option is a two-melting furnace.

The principle of its work is that the air from the environment comes through an ash pit into the furnace. In the first stage of combustion, when the lightest frac- tions of fuel are burned, the process is somewhat like pyrolysis. This mode is the most effective. But before Kuznetsov very few people used these advantages. But the orders have a design that allows them to work in pyrolysis mode. As a result, pyrolysis gases burn under the dome of the third hood. The process itself is interesting. Its features are that combustion is self-regulating. If the flame is too loose, the thrust deteriorates, and the combustion process slows down, if the heat is not enough - the thrust increases, and the combustion process intensifies. Kuznetsov's two-bellows kilns (poryadovka) have a second dome in order not to violate the combustion process. The temperature in the second hood, with an efficiency of about 80%, reaches 300-400 degrees, which is quite enough to transfer heat to the heat carrier.

Multi-glove furnaces

Often, a conventional hood is made multistage. Each cascade consists of two hoods having an opening from above. The presence of three cascades allows you to call this stove a classic order, since there is a free flow of gases. Virtually in any furnace mode, such equipment has a very high efficiency, reaching 97%. In this case, the fuel used practically does not play a role. It can be fuel oil, coal and anything else.

Usually an even number of hoods can achieve 90% efficiency. However, much depends on the burning regime and the fuel used. However, the main disadvantage of this method is that the furnaces are rather difficult to maintain. Often there are problems during the cleaning of the caps from the deposit. In addition, the first cap (with an even number) is very small, the temperature below it will be of the order of 1500 degrees, as a result of which the metal can not withstand it, and the liner in weight is unreliable.

Well, we have already figured out what Kuznetsov's furnace stoves are. It is often built in the home. Let's see how to do it and what to look for.

Heating furnaces Kuznetsova: poryadovka own hands

Before proceeding with the work, it is necessary to determine the main function of the furnace. Let's look at the usual heating equipment of the simplest design. I would like to note that, together with the house, it is desirable to build Kuznetsov furnaces directly with our own hands. The order can also be erected and if the building already stands - this, of course, is undesirable, but possible.

The first step is to prepare the foundation. It should be made of concrete and have a width of 10-15 cm more than the dimensions of the furnace. This is one of the most laborious works that you have to perform, so in some cases it makes sense to call a specialist. The foundation should not be associated with the foundation of the house, do not forget about it. Also, its absence is unacceptable, since the floors can not withstand a high load. Next, it is extremely important to properly equip the chimney on the roof of the house. To perform these works it is desirable to take advantage of the laughs and advice of professionals. Let's see how Kuznetsov's stoves are being built. Poryadovki in its simplest execution are made quite simply and quickly.

Required material

It is extremely important to choose high-quality material, in particular, refractory bricks. It must withstand high temperatures. So, for internal cladding, fireclay bricks are used. Its quantity is determined according to the drawing. Often there are structures from ordinary bricks, which is done in order to save. This is permissible, however, the longevity of the masonry is reduced. For external cladding, M150 - clay brick is suitable.

You can not do without 100-130 kilograms of clay. It's better to spend a little more money and pay for quality stuff. In this case, when clamped, the clay does not crack and will serve for a rather long time. Twice as much as clay, you will need sand. Approximately 500 bricks, it is necessary to make a mixture of clay with sand in a volume of 0.2 cubic meters.

Remains only metal accessories. This includes a bolt, steel corners, a grate and two doors. Well, now we will consider how the order of the Kuznetsov heating-cooking oven is made .

Masonry and inspection

If you already had the experience of laying stoves, then you will not have problems. The only thing worth paying attention to is the quality of the bundle. To improve this characteristic, it is necessary to lay wire for every 2-nd row of bricks. For laying a canal from the first tier, it is better to lay a 1/4 brick. This will allow to increase the length of the furnace a little. In this case, the upper overlap between the tiers is organized on the 17-18th tier.

After the masonry is finished, wait for a while until the solution cools. Then you can install doors and other metal products. Only after that they proceed to the first kindling. At this stage, it is checked how well the furnace works. They look at the draft, the tightness of the valves, doors, etc. In principle, this is all that can be told about how Kuznetsov's furnaces are laid out. Poryadovki, made by own hands, can have different power.

Something else about masonry

Kuznetsov furnaces for a bath are often made. The order of this appointment is very rarely raised with one's own hands. It is caused by a rather complicated design. But it is worthwhile to understand that a properly made sauna stove performs a huge number of tasks. For example, it provides heating of several rooms: a steam room, a dressing room, a washing room. In addition, it prepares steam, provides ventilation and heats water. Strangely enough, but with all this is coping with just one sauna oven Kuznetsova. The ordering practically does not have any fundamental differences, but the accuracy of manufacturing is important.

Conclusion

Here we are with you and examined the two-bellows and hood stoves Kuznetsova. Poryadovka, made by own hands, is not found as often as one would like. Often such furnaces can be seen in cottages and villages. Sometimes they are of a purely decorative nature, as they are executed in the form of a fireplace.

Nevertheless, such heating equipment should not be left without attention. Considering its high efficiency in comparison with some other furnaces having a higher cost, this is the best solution for a country house. Moreover, it is possible to build the furnace itself, and sometimes even necessary. So you can not only effectively warm your house, but also gain valuable experience.

This is all that can be told about what Kuznetsov's ovens are famous for and how they are placed. The orders are good and, no doubt, will be popular for a long time.