The pump is self-priming: advantages and disadvantages. Household and industrial pumps

The self-priming pump is the most used device, which is used not only in everyday life, but at industrial facilities. The concept of "self-priming" does not serve as a characteristic of this device, but is one of the indicators of classification.

The difference between a self-priming pump and the rest

All of them are divided into two types: self-priming and normally suction. It happens that when the pump functions in the main part, air enters. Therefore, the equipment will not perform the function of pumping water, but will work for nothing. To ensure that it does not fail, it is necessary to monitor the constant presence of liquid in the working elements of the device, as well as immediately remove the formed air.

The self-priming pump has in its design a special opening, which serves for pouring water. To keep it in the working area of the device, special valves are provided. You can find models that are equipped with valves. Their advantage is the independent pouring of water into the system. An important element is the pump casing. It is designed in such a way that the liquid necessary for pouring is always in the main part, even if it is disconnected from the supply pipe. These models should be stored in a warm place, as freezing of water in the housing can lead to its breakage. Also, care must be taken to ensure that large elements do not penetrate inside. For this purpose, filters for coarse cleaning are installed. Pumping water must be done quickly, so that it does not have time to disappear. This feature applies only to pumps operating on the surface. As a rule, the larger the absorption line, the greater the friction in the pipelines. That is why the designs of self-priming models are such that the lifting height is 8 meters. In the design of such pumps, a vent is provided, which serves to remove air from the system during operation. It is located at the top of the case. Too much air can increase the time to fill. Therefore, before using it, you must carefully check the connection of pipelines.

As for the normal suction element, the water is poured only at the first start, and in the future it is not required. It is only necessary to ensure that the air does not enter the housing. If it hits the mechanism will not function.

Types of pumps

All devices are divided into dynamic and volumetric pumps. They are no different from each other, except as a construction, as well as ways of connecting pipelines. The self-priming pump for water can be of one type or the other. The most popular are the vortex and centrifugal devices used both in everyday life and in industrial spheres.

Centrifugal Pumps

Such equipment is intended for both surface and submerged applications. Self-priming centrifugal pump is widely used not only in water supply systems, but also in air conditioning and heating. Depending on the application, the shaft can be positioned vertically and horizontally. Typically, vertical models are used to dive into the well. Sewage systems use a self-priming pump for dirty water. The workflow is quite simple. The liquid enters the rotary mechanism, which is a wheel with blades, and moves in the direction of rotation of the axis. In this case, kinetic energy appears, which contributes to the growth of pressure. Self-priming water pump can have many working blades. The more of them, the higher the pressure. Such high values can adversely affect the transport of water.

Disadvantages of centrifugal devices

One of the main drawbacks is the tendency to cavitation. In the process of functioning, steam is formed, which subsequently condenses. As a result of this, water hammers occur, which have a negative effect on the structural elements and pipelines. To avoid cavitation, it is necessary to use a self-priming centrifugal pump in a gentle mode. This is an important condition.

Vortex self-priming pump

Such devices also have an impeller, the blades are located radially. Thus, it is sucked into the internal channel to the periphery. In this case, the kinetic energy increases, and the water pressure also rises. There is a significant difference between a vortex pump and a centrifugal pump. Having the same size and speed of rotation of the blades, a higher pressure is created in the vortex models. In addition, they are not afraid of ingress of air into the system. In addition, the cost of this type of device is much lower than that of a centrifugal pump. Vortices have low efficiency, therefore they are used only for clean water. The self-priming pump is used in everyday life to supply liquid from reservoirs, or to increase the pressure in the pipeline.

Differences of the vortex from the centrifugal device

1. The vortex has a more compact size than the centrifugal one.
2. What's the price? Self-priming pump vortex type is less expensive, which is an important factor in choosing. As a rule, its cost is from 8000 to 15000 rubles, depending on the manufacturer.
3. If you need a self-priming pump for dirty water, then centrifugal devices are best suited.
4. The created head of the vortex pump is seven times higher than that of centrifugal models.
5. From the centrifugal elements there is less noise, so they are most often used in everyday life.

When choosing, do not just look at prices, since cheap devices can not always provide good water supply. Pay attention to the technical characteristics and purpose. If you pick the right item and follow the recommendations for using it, it will last a long time.

Reviews

Many people who use centrifugal pumps are completely satisfied with such equipment. It perfectly provides the supply of water from the tanks. In addition, it provides excellent drainage of dirty water from sewage systems. Of the disadvantages is worth noting the high noise from the hammering, which appears due to the occurrence of cavitation. Such a pump does not require special maintenance. It ensures high-quality work while observing the rules of operation.

People who use vortex pumps did not regret it either. Thanks to the high pressure created, it became possible to pump a large volume of water in a short time. In addition, their dimensions are much more compact than the previous model. In order to avoid problems in operation, it is necessary to pump air from the system.

Conclusion

Self-priming models are far superior to normal suction pumps. First of all, they differ in design. The devices of the first type have a special hole, through which there is an independent pouring of water into the system. Also, circulating valves ensure air evacuation. The water inlet into the system of the normal suction pump is made only at the first start. However, in case of air ingress, it is necessary to fill the water yourself. Therefore, self-priming pumps are a common equipment that is used not only in everyday life, but also in the industrial sphere.