Cesspool: features of the device

The cesspool is probably the oldest and most widespread version of treatment facilities that are used in cottages or in economy class suburban houses. The work of this design is very simple: all sewage, used water, kitchen residues drain into the store through a pipeline into a special pit, which is located in the yard of the house.

A conventional cesspool can be constructed in two ways. First, you can dig a pit that will not have a bottom, and all the waste will then penetrate into the ground, the liquid will seep into the ground, and the solid will gradually be pressed. In such devices, no additional cleaning systems are installed. And after filling such a cesspool at the cottage is filled with earth, or can be cleaned by special services.

However, sanitary norms prohibit the construction of wells and storage pits that do not have a bottom and where water will enter without filtration directly into the ground if the volume of effluents exceeds 1 cubic meter per day. With a smaller amount of runoff (including toilet, food waste, drain from the cranes, etc.), the cesspool can be built without a bottom.

The fact is that the bacteria living in the soil can purify the volume of less than a cubic meter. If there is more sewage, then the soil is simply unable to cope with so much waste. With waste water, all harmful substances enter the ground, contaminating groundwater, and then water in wells and wells. If the well is located within a radius of thirty meters from such a place, the contamination will soon reveal itself. At the present time, when a lot of water is poured out at the dacha as a result of washing, cooking, washing, it is not recommended to arrange bottomless pits.

However, in the organization of treatment facilities there are some nuances. The cesspool can not be located when the groundwater is lying down to two meters from the surface. Sewage should be kept as far as possible from wells and wells. The location of the pit should be taken into account when planting shrubbery and trees, in order to avoid the danger of infection of berries and fruits with bacteria.

The second option is a cesspool, the device of which is produced with waterproofing, it has a tightness. Such a construction can be made from improvised materials, brick, concrete, wood, reinforced concrete rings.

When calculating the volume take into account the number of people who live in the house. For each person, reserve at least a half-cubic meter. So, for a family of five people, the cesspool should have a volume of at least eight cubic meters. The calculation assumes the presence of a bathroom, water heaters, which allow increasing the flow of water. Thus, if a family permanently resides in a country house and fully enjoys all the benefits of civilization, the waste may need to be pumped out every two weeks.

The merits of cesspools can be attributed to their fairly accessible and simple way to organize a sewer autonomous system. Disposal of waste in this case is quite simple and environmentally safe. All waste after pumping is taken to the drainage stations, and the groundwater and soil remain clean. Hermetic tanks can be laid at any depth, regardless of the level of groundwater.

The disadvantages of a cesspool include the limited location on the site, an unpleasant smell. If there is a leak, leakage can occur , with a large consumption of water (swimming pools, jacuzzi, etc.), there is a rapid filling and increased maintenance costs. When the ground water is close to the soil surface, the pit organization is impossible.